Renal artery embolization-indications, technical approaches and outcomes

Area of Science:

• Interventional Radiology
• Nephrology
• Urology

Background:

• Renal artery embolization (RAE) has advanced due to improved catheters and embolic agents.
• It is increasingly utilized for nephrological and urological conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the expanding applications of RAE in renal disease management.
• To compare technical approaches and embolization agents used in RAE.
• To discuss complications of RAE and alternative procedures.

Main Methods:

• Review of current literature on renal artery embolization techniques.
• Comparison of different embolization agents and their application.
• Analysis of complication rates and alternative surgical options.

Main Results:

• RAE is effective in managing renal trauma, bleeding angiomyolipomas, and certain hypertension cases, potentially avoiding nephrectomy.
• It serves as a first-line therapy for bleeding angiomyolipomas and preventative treatment for those at risk.
• RAE is an alternative to surgery for renal artery aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations with a low complication rate.

Conclusions:

• RAE is a valuable adjunct in managing diverse renal diseases, offering a less invasive approach.
• Technical advancements have expanded RAE's utility and safety profile.
• RAE provides an alternative to surgical interventions in specific renal pathologies.