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A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
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Working memory and intraindividual variability in processing speed: A lifespan developmental and

Nathalie Mella1, Delphine Fagot, Thierry Lecerf

  • 1FPSE, University of Geneva, Boulevard du Pont d'Arve, CH-1205, Geneva, Switzerland.

Memory & Cognition
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Working memory capacity and intraindividual variability in reaction times are linked, particularly in children and older adults. This suggests shared attentional processes influence cognitive performance across the lifespan.

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Assessing Working Memory in Children: The Comprehensive Assessment Battery for Children &#8211; Working Memory (CABC-WM)
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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Working memory (WM) and intraindividual variability (IIV) in processing speed are theorized to reflect general attentional processes.
  • Understanding the interplay between WM capacity and IIV in reaction times (RTs) is crucial for comprehending cognitive function across development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between working memory capacity and intraindividual variability in reaction times.
  • To examine how this relationship varies across different developmental stages, from childhood to older adulthood.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized two working memory tasks and six reaction time tasks of varying complexity.
  • Analyzed data from 539 participants across five age groups: children (9-10, 11-12 years), young adults, and older adults (59-69, 70-89 years).
  • Employed analyses of variance to compare low-span and high-span individuals and multivariate analyses to assess the distinct contributions of mean RT and IIV.

Main Results:

  • A significant span effect was observed in the youngest children and oldest adults, with high-span individuals exhibiting faster and less variable reaction times.
  • No significant differences in mean RT or IIV were found between high- and low-span young adults.
  • Multivariate analyses indicated that mean RT and IIV, despite strong correlation, provide distinct information regarding individual differences in WM.

Conclusions:

  • The findings support a link between working memory capacity and intraindividual variability in reaction times.
  • This association is more pronounced during childhood and older adulthood, suggesting developmental variations in the underlying attentional processes.