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Related Concept Videos

The Endocrine System01:29

The Endocrine System

2.6K
The endocrine system is an extensive network of glands – organs or tissues in the body that create chemicals that control many bodily functions, that secrete hormones, which are chemical messengers that play essential roles in regulating various bodily functions. These hormones are secreted into the bloodstream and travel throughout the body. They require specific receptors to convey signals to cells possessing these corresponding receptors. This complex signaling mechanism ensures that...
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Type II Diabetes I: Introduction01:26

Type II Diabetes I: Introduction

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Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance, in which target tissues such as the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue respond poorly to insulin. It is also associated with inadequate compensatory insulin secretion, where pancreatic β-cells fail to produce sufficient insulin. Together, these abnormalities lead to persistent hyperglycemia.EtiologyT2DM develops through a complex interaction of genetic predisposition and environmental or...
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Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology01:24

Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

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PathophysiologyType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM ) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and progressive pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, leading to impaired glucose homeostasis. It results from interactions among genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and metabolic stressors, such as overnutrition and a sedentary lifestyle.Insulin Resistance and Glucose DysregulationEarly T2DM involves insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and the liver.
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Endocrine Signaling01:45

Endocrine Signaling

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Endocrine Signaling01:45

Endocrine Signaling

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Endocrine cells produce hormones to communicate with remote target cells found in other organs. The hormone reaches these distant areas using the circulatory system. This exposes the whole organism to the hormone but only those cells expressing hormone receptors or target cells are affected. Thus, endocrine signaling induces slow responses from its target cells but these effects also last longer.
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What is the Endocrine System?00:46

What is the Endocrine System?

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The endocrine system sends hormones—chemical signals—through the bloodstream to target cells—the cells the hormones selectively affect. These signals are produced in endocrine cells, secreted into the extracellular fluid, and then diffuse into the blood. Eventually, they diffuse out of the blood and bind to target cells which have specialized receptors to recognize the hormones.
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Related Experiment Video

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Homogeneous Time-resolved Förster Resonance Energy Transfer-based Assay for Detection of Insulin Secretion
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Homogeneous Time-resolved Förster Resonance Energy Transfer-based Assay for Detection of Insulin Secretion

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Twins and endocrinology.

K V S Hari Kumar1, K D Modi2

  • 1Department of Endocrinology, Command Hospital, Chandimandir, Haryana, India.

Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
|December 25, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Monzygotic twins, sharing identical genes, offer unique insights into diseases. Studying their shared and unshared environmental factors helps understand endocrine and metabolic disorders like diabetes and obesity.

Keywords:
Diabetesendocrinologymonozygotic twinsthyroid disorderstwins

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Genetics
  • Twin Studies

Background:

  • Endocrine and metabolic disorders are prevalent in the population.
  • Monzygotic twins share genetic identity, making them valuable for research.
  • Understanding genetic and environmental influences is crucial for disease management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review endocrine disorders in monozygotic twins.
  • To highlight the genetic and environmental contributions to these conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on endocrine disorders in monozygotic twins.
  • Analysis of genetic and environmental factors.

Main Results:

  • Monzygotic twins provide a unique model to dissect genetic and environmental influences.
  • Common endocrine disorders like diabetes, obesity, and autoimmune thyroid disease show varying concordance rates in MZ twins.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic factors play a significant role in endocrine disorders.
  • Environmental factors also contribute to disease development and manifestation in monozygotic twins.
  • Further research in twin studies can improve risk assessment and therapeutic strategies.