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Intestinal inflammation and impact on growth in children with cystic fibrosis

Jasbir Dhaliwal1, Steven Leach, Tamarah Katz

  • 1*Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Sydney Children's Hospital Randwick †Discipline of Pediatrics, School of Women's and Children's Health, Medicine, University of New South Wales ‡Department of Nutrition and Dietetics §Clinical Trials Centre ||Department of Pediatric Respiratory, Sydney Children's Hospital Randwick, Sydney, Australia ¶Department of Pediatrics, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.

Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition
|December 25, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Children with cystic fibrosis (CF) show unique intestinal inflammation, with elevated fecal calprotectin but normal S100A12 and osteoprotegerin. Higher calprotectin levels correlate with poor growth in CF patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research
  • Cystic Fibrosis Research

Background:

  • Intestinal inflammation is a common complication in cystic fibrosis (CF).
  • Assessing intestinal inflammation markers can help understand its impact on CF patients' nutritional status.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate and compare fecal markers of intestinal inflammation in children with CF.
  • To determine if intestinal inflammation adversely affects the nutritional phenotype in CF.

Main Methods:

  • Fecal samples were collected from children with CF, healthy controls (HCs), and Crohn disease (CD) patients.
  • Markers analyzed included calprotectin, S100A12, and osteoprotegerin.
  • Associations between inflammatory markers and clinical/nutritional indices were examined in CF subjects.

Main Results:

  • Children with CF had higher fecal calprotectin than HCs, but lower than CD patients.
  • Abnormal fecal calprotectin was prevalent in CF patients with pancreatic insufficiency.
  • Fecal calprotectin inversely correlated with weight and height z-scores in CF patients.

Conclusions:

  • Cystic fibrosis exhibits a distinct pattern of intestinal inflammation, characterized by elevated fecal calprotectin and normal S100A12/osteoprotegerin.
  • The severity of intestinal inflammation, indicated by fecal calprotectin, is significantly linked to impaired growth in CF.
Abstract

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