Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 19, 2026
Midface Hypoplasia and Cranial Base Morphology in Syndromic Craniosynostosis: A Comparative Analysis Study Using a Predictive Regression Model
Published on: November 4, 2025
Armadillo cranioplasty for expansion and remodeling in craniosynostosis
Stephen R Sullivan1, Helena O Taylor
1Providence, R.I. From the Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School; and the Department of Plastic Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital and Hasbro Children's Hospital.
Unlabelled:
Craniosynostosis is typically treated in the first year of life, when osteogenic potential is high and residual obligate skull defects heal. Delayed reconstruction can result in persistent skull defects because of diminished osteogenic potential. Adequately expanding the cranium yet minimizing residual skull defects in older patients presents a conundrum. Although secondary cranioplasty can be performed, primary cortical bone coverage is preferred. The authors present a technique of cranial expansion by sliding stairstep osteotomies, thus preventing residual skull defects when treating craniosynostosis at an advanced age.
Clinical Question/Level Of Evidence:
Therapeutic, IV.
