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Controlling measles using supplemental immunization activities: a mathematical model to inform optimal policy
Stéphane Verguet1, Mira Johri2, Shaun K Morris3
1Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Vaccine
|December 27, 2014
Summary
Regular supplemental immunization activities (SIAs) are crucial for measles control in high-burden countries. Optimal scheduling, not single campaigns, prevents outbreaks by considering demographics and routine immunization coverage.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
- Mathematical Modeling
Background:
- Measles & Rubella Initiative supports measles-burdened countries.
- Focus on routine immunization and supplemental immunization activities (SIAs).
- SIAs provide a second measles vaccine dose opportunity.
Purpose of the Study:
- Estimate optimal scheduling of SIAs.
- Identify strategies for measles control in high-burden areas.
- Determine maximum time period between SIAs for effective control.
Main Methods:
- Developed an age-stratified dynamic compartmental model.
- Simulated measles transmission dynamics.
- Analyzed SIA frequency and coverage for measles control.
Main Results:
- Single SIAs are insufficient for measles control in high-burden countries.
- Regular SIAs with high coverage effectively prevent measles outbreaks.
- Optimal SIA periodicity varies by country and is influenced by demographics and routine immunization rates.
Conclusions:
- Findings guide policymakers on optimal SIA scheduling.
- Informs decisions on combining routine and SIA vaccination for measles control.
- Highlights the importance of tailored vaccination strategies.
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