A NASA discovery has current applications in orthopaedics

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Photomedicine

Background:

• Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has a 40-year history of use.
• Known effects include pain, inflammation, and edema reduction.
• LLLT also promotes wound healing and prevents cell death.

Purpose of the Study:

• Review the basic science of LLLT.
• Provide historical context and explain mechanisms.
• Discuss controversies, complications, and new orthopedic applications.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of basic science and clinical studies.
• Historical analysis of LLLT research, including NASA contributions.
• Synthesis of current understanding of LLLT's cellular and organismal effects.

Main Results:

• LLLT demonstrates efficacy in reducing pain, inflammation, and edema.
• Evidence supports LLLT's role in promoting deep tissue and nerve healing.
• Recent basic science studies are elucidating the underlying mechanisms of LLLT.

Conclusions:

• LLLT has established therapeutic benefits.
• Further research is clarifying the mechanisms of action.
• New applications in orthopaedics are emerging based on basic science findings.