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Active nematic fluids interacting with isotropic fluids show elongated drops and interface instabilities. Activity drives defect ejection and phase separation, leading to unique dynamic behaviors in these complex fluid systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Active nematic fluids exhibit spontaneous flows and orientational order.
  • Phase coexistence between different fluid types creates complex interfacial phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dynamical behavior of a two-dimensional active nematic fluid in coexistence with an isotropic fluid.
  • To understand the role of activity in interfacial phenomena and phase separation.

Main Methods:

  • Performing dynamical simulations of the active nematic-isotropic fluid system.
  • Analyzing interfacial properties, defect dynamics, and phase-separation behavior.

Main Results:

  • Active nematic drops elongate and develop effective anchoring at the interface.
  • Interfacial undulatory instability leads to the ejection of positive topological defects.
  • Quenching results in elongated, phase-separated domains torn apart by active stirring.

Conclusions:

  • The interplay between activity and phase coexistence leads to novel interfacial instabilities and defect dynamics.
  • Active stirring significantly influences the morphology and evolution of phase-separating domains.