[Immunophenotype characteristics of patients with multiple myeloma in different risk stratification]

This study assessed the immunophenotype characteristics of newly diagosised patients with multiple myeloma (MM) in different risk stratification in order to find the relationship between the immunophenotype and prognosis of MM. The expressions of CD45, CD38, CD138, CD56, CD19, CD117, CD13, CD20, CD22, CD34, Kappa, Lambda in bone marrow samples from 62 newly diagnosed MM patients were detected by using flow cytometric multiparametric direct immunofluorescence technique, CD45/SSC and CD38/SSC combination gating, then the immumophemotypic characteristics of patients in different risk stratification groups were analyzed and compared. The new risk stratification of all patients was carried out according to ISS stages (Interuational Staging System) and cytogenetic characteristics. The results indicated that all the malignant plasma cells commonly expressed CD38 (100%) and CD138 (100%); CD19⁺ (6.5%) ,CD45⁺ (22.6%), CD56⁺ (59.6%) and monoclonal light chain (82%); but the expressions of CD117⁺ (27.4%) , CD13⁺ (17.7%) , CD20⁺ (16.1%) were diverse. According to risk stratification, it is found that the standard-risk and high-risk groups had lower expression of CD56 (P = 0.022) and higher expression of CD117 (P = 0.011), compared with the low-risk group. It is concluded that the immunophenotype of MM is heterogeneity, the lower expression of CD56 and higher expression of CD117 may be associate with poor prognosis.