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Peer Influences on Adolescent Decision Making.

Dustin Albert1, Jason Chein2, Laurence Steinberg2

  • 1Duke University.

Current Directions in Psychological Science
|December 30, 2014
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Summary

Adolescent risk-taking stems from a brain development gap. The socio-emotional reward system matures before cognitive control, making teens more susceptible to peer influence and risky behaviors.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Adolescent Behavior

Background:

  • Traditional research focused on cognitive processes in adolescent risk-taking.
  • Recent studies highlight the impact of social and emotional factors on adolescent neurocognition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review research on the neurobiological underpinnings of adolescent risk-taking.
  • To explain the role of maturational timing in brain systems related to risk behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current scientific literature on adolescent neurocognition and risk behavior.
  • Analysis of studies examining the interplay between socio-emotional and cognitive control systems.

Main Results:

  • Adolescent risk-taking is influenced by a developmental gap between the socio-emotional reward system and cognitive control.

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  • Peer influence sensitizes the adolescent reward system, increasing propensity for risky behavior.
  • Maturation of cognitive control enhances self-regulation and reduces susceptibility to peer pressure.

    • Conclusions:

    • Understanding the neurodevelopmental trajectory of adolescents is crucial for addressing risk behaviors.
    • Targeting interventions during this developmental window can mitigate risks associated with heightened reward sensitivity and peer influence.