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Lead isotope profiling in dairy calves.

John Buchweitz1, Kimberly McClure-Brinton2, Justin Zyskowski3

  • 1Diagnostic Center for Population and Animal Health, Michigan State University, 4125 Beaumont Rd, Lansing, MI 48910, United States; Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, 784 Wilson Rd, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States.

Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology : RTP
|December 30, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Lead poisoning in cattle is a significant concern on farms. Stable isotope analysis of lead in bovine tissues effectively identified environmental sources, aiding in preventing future exposures.

Keywords:
AgricultureCattleDairyICP-MSIsotopesLeadPaintSoil

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary toxicology
  • Environmental chemistry
  • Forensic science

Background:

  • Lead (Pb) poisoning is a prevalent heavy metal intoxication in cattle, originating from various farm sources like used oil, grease, batteries, plumbing, and paint.
  • Contaminated cattle pose risks to animal health and can introduce lead into the human food supply, necessitating clear assessment and mitigation strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To extend the application of lead stable isotope analysis to bovine tissues.
  • To compare lead profiles in animal tissues with environmental samples (paint chips, soils) from a dairy farm to identify the source of lead intoxication.
  • To illustrate the utility of lead isotope ratios in forensic investigations of lead poisoning in livestock.

Main Methods:

  • Stable isotope analysis using inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).
  • Analysis of lead (Pb) isotopes (204Pb, 206Pb, 207Pb, 208Pb) in bovine tissues.
  • Comparison of isotopic ratios (207Pb/206Pb and 208Pb/206Pb) between animal tissues and environmental samples.

Main Results:

  • Stable isotope analysis successfully linked lead in bovine tissues to specific environmental sources on the affected farm.
  • Isotopic profiling provided a method to trace the origin of lead exposure in cattle.
  • The study demonstrated the effectiveness of using 207Pb/206Pb and 208Pb/206Pb ratios for source identification.

Conclusions:

  • Lead stable isotope analysis is a valuable tool for investigating lead poisoning incidents in production agriculture.
  • This method can identify environmental sources of lead exposure in cattle, including subclinical cases.
  • Implementing findings from such investigations is crucial for preventing future lead intoxication and safeguarding animal and food supply health.