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Normal corneal sensitivity and its changes with age in Tehran, Iran.

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Corneal sensitivity decreases with age, particularly after 35 years, with the central cornea most affected. This age-related decline in corneal sensitivity is more pronounced in sunny environments.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Corneal Physiology
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • Normal corneal sensitivity is crucial for ocular health.
  • Understanding age-related changes in corneal sensitivity is important for diagnosing and managing eye conditions.
  • Previous studies have not fully elucidated corneal sensitivity across different regions and its correlation with age in specific populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine normal corneal sensitivity in five distinct corneal regions.
  • To investigate the changes in corneal sensitivity with advancing age.
  • To analyze corneal sensitivity in an Iranian population.

Main Methods:

  • Corneal sensitivity was measured in 596 subjects (aged 15-81) using a Cochet-Bonnet aesthesiometer.
  • Measurements were taken in the central cornea and four peripheral regions (nasal, inferior, temporal, superior).
  • Data was analyzed using non-parametric statistics, with subjects divided into six age groups.

Main Results:

  • Corneal sensitivity significantly decreased with age after 35 years across all regions (p < 0.001).
  • The strongest negative correlation between age and sensitivity was observed in the central cornea (-0.52).
  • Significant differences in corneal sensitivity existed among corneal regions in younger age groups but not in older groups.

Conclusions:

  • Corneal sensitivity declines with age, with the central cornea showing the most significant reduction.
  • The rate of sensitivity reduction appears faster in sunny environments compared to previous studies.
  • Age-related changes in corneal sensitivity vary across different corneal regions, especially in younger individuals.