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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 19, 2026

Investigating the Three-dimensional Flow Separation Induced by a Model Vocal Fold Polyp
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Changes in aerodynamics during vocal cord dysfunction.

Dennis O Frank-Ito1, Kristine Schulz1, Gina Vess1

  • 1Division of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.

Computers in Biology and Medicine
|December 30, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

During vocal cord dysfunction (VCD), increased inspiratory effort worsens glottal resistance, leading to chaotic airflow and pressure gradients. This study used computational fluid dynamics to analyze these airflow changes.

Keywords:
AirflowComputational fluid dynamicsExtrathoracic airway obstructionResistanceVocal cord dysfunction

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Area of Science:

  • Respiratory Mechanics
  • Computational Fluid Dynamics
  • Laryngeal Physiology

Background:

  • Laryngeal airflow dynamics during vocal cord dysfunction (VCD) are poorly understood.
  • The impact of VCD on inspiratory airflow and the threshold for symptoms like stridor remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of VCD on respiratory airflow using computational fluid dynamics (CFD).
  • To quantify changes in laryngeal airflow and resistance during VCD episodes.

Main Methods:

  • Computed tomography images of normal vocal cords were digitally altered to simulate VCD.
  • Steady-state, laminar CFD simulations were conducted for three breathing rates to compare VCD and normal inhalation.

Main Results:

  • Increased inspiratory effort during VCD is less efficient than normal inhalation.
  • Glottal and tracheal resistance significantly increased during VCD compared to normal states.
  • Peak airflow velocity and vorticity were concentrated around the glottis during VCD.

Conclusions:

  • Forcing inspiratory air during VCD exacerbates glottal resistance.
  • VCD is associated with abrupt laryngeal pressure gradients, chaotic airflow, and high shear stresses in the glottis.