Influence of modified atmosphere packaging on 'Star Ruby' grapefruit phytochemicals.

Area of Science:

• Food Science
• Horticulture
• Postharvest Biology

Background:

• Modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) is a technique used to extend the shelf life of fresh produce.
• MAP involves altering the gaseous atmosphere surrounding the product to slow down respiration and senescence.
• Phytochemicals are bioactive compounds in fruits and vegetables with potential health benefits.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the impact of MAP using microperforated (MIPBs) and macroperforated (MAPBs) bags on phytochemicals in 'Star Ruby' grapefruits.
• To assess the effect of MAP on the quality parameters of grapefruits during 16 weeks of storage.
• To determine if MAP affects health-promoting phytochemicals in grapefruits.

Main Methods:

• Storage of 'Star Ruby' grapefruits under MAP conditions (MIPBs, MAPBs) and control (no packaging) for 16 weeks at 10 °C.
• Analysis of juice samples every 4 weeks for ascorbic acid, carotenoids, flavonoids, limonoids, and furocoumarins.
• Assessment of quality parameters including weight loss, total soluble solids, acidity, and sensory attributes.

Main Results:

• MAP significantly reduced weight loss in grapefruits compared to control.
• Control fruits showed higher levels of β-carotene, lycopene, and furocoumarin than MAP-treated fruits.
• Flavonoid content was highest in MAPB, while ascorbic acid and limonoids remained unaffected by MAP treatments.

Conclusions:

• MAP effectively maintains the quality of 'Star Ruby' grapefruits during extended storage.
• MAP treatments did not negatively impact key health-promoting phytochemicals.
• MAP is a viable technology for preserving grapefruit quality without compromising nutritional value.