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Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

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The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
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For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
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Glycemic Impact on Knee Osteoarthritis Symptoms on Physical, Radiographic, and Inflammatory Markers among Individuals Aged 50 and Over with Diabetes
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Decrease in Glycemic Index Associated with Improved Glycemic Control among Latinos with Type 2 Diabetes.

Monica L Wang, Lauren Gellar, Brian H Nathanson

    Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics
    |December 31, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Lowering glycemic index in adults with type 2 diabetes is linked to better glucose control and reduced waist circumference. Dietary strategies targeting glycemic index are crucial for diabetes management.

    Keywords:
    Glycemic indexGlycemic loadLatinosMetabolic risk factorsType 2 diabetes

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    Area of Science:

    • Metabolic Health
    • Nutritional Science
    • Diabetes Management

    Background:

    • Glycemic index and glycemic load are established tools for glucose control in type 2 diabetes.
    • A low glycemic index diet is associated with improved glycemic control.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the long-term associations between changes in glycemic index and glycemic load and metabolic control in Latino adults with diabetes.
    • To assess the impact of dietary glycemic load and index on key health markers over time.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of secondary data from the Latinos en Control trial, a randomized clinical trial.
    • Inclusion of low-income, Latino adults (N=238) with type 2 diabetes, predominantly of Puerto Rican descent.
    • Assessment of dietary intake via 24-hour recalls at baseline, 4, and 12 months, with repeated measures regression models used to analyze outcomes.

    Main Results:

    • Increased glycemic index over 12 months correlated with higher hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels and increased waist circumference.
    • No significant associations were found between glycemic index changes and fasting glucose, lipid profiles, or body mass index.
    • Modest evidence suggested positive associations between glycemic load and both HbA1c levels and waist circumference.

    Conclusions:

    • Reducing dietary glycemic index is associated with improvements in specific metabolic risk factors among Latino adults with diabetes.
    • Incorporating glycemic index targeting into dietary approaches may be a vital strategy for effective diabetes self-management.