Implications of Klotho in vascular health and disease

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry
• Cardiology
• Gerontology

Background:

• Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of mortality globally.
• Klotho, a longevity-associated protein, acts as a co-receptor for fibroblast growth factor 23 and is implicated in CVD.
• Low soluble Klotho levels correlate with CVD occurrence and severity, while high levels may reduce cardiovascular risk.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the intricate relationship between Klotho protein and cardiovascular disease (CVD).
• To elucidate Klotho's role in maintaining functional vascular integrity.
• To explore Klotho's potential as a therapeutic target for vascular disorders.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of clinical and experimental studies.
• Analysis of Klotho's molecular mechanisms in vascular homeostasis.
• Examination of Klotho's association with CVD incidence, severity, and cardiovascular events.

Main Results:

• Klotho protein influences vascular homeostasis through multiple pathways.
• It improves endothelial dysfunction by promoting nitric oxide (NO) production.
• Klotho exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-aging effects, including suppression of adhesion molecules and inhibition of Wnt signaling, and attenuates vascular calcification and cardiac hypertrophy.

Conclusions:

• Klotho protein is a significant regulator in the development and progression of CVD.
• Its multifaceted protective roles in the vasculature highlight its therapeutic potential.
• Targeting Klotho may offer novel strategies for managing and treating vascular disorders.