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Hairy cell leukemia presenting with a lytic bone lesion
Naresh Pemmaraju1, Javed Gill1, John R Krause1
1Department of Pathology, Section of Hematopathology, Baylor University Medical Center at Dallas and the Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Dallas, Texas.
Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center)
|January 2, 2015
Summary
Hairy cell leukemia (HCL), a rare B-cell cancer, can present as a bone lesion. Early diagnosis via biopsy is crucial for effective treatment and favorable outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Oncology
- Pathology
Background:
- Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a rare, indolent B-cell neoplasm affecting blood, bone marrow, and spleen.
- It accounts for about 2% of adult leukemias and predominantly affects males.
Observation:
- A patient with a history of breast cancer presented with a lytic bone lesion in the left femur.
- The lesion was diagnosed as HCL through morphology, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, and molecular genetics.
Findings:
- Morphologic, immunohistochemical, flow cytometric, and molecular genetic analyses confirmed HCL in the bone lesion.
- This case highlights an unusual presentation of HCL.
Implications:
- Biopsy is essential for diagnosing HCL, especially in atypical presentations like bone lesions.
- Prompt diagnosis of HCL ensures access to effective treatments, leading to favorable prognoses.
