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Related Experiment Video

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Silicon Metal-oxide-semiconductor Quantum Dots for Single-electron Pumping

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Programmable, very low noise current source.

G Scandurra¹, G Cannatà¹, G Giusi¹

¹Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettronica, Chimica e Ingegneria Industriale, University of Messina, Messina 98166, Italy.

The Review of Scientific Instruments

|January 3, 2015

Summary

We developed a novel programmable current source for low-frequency noise measurements. This system uses a low-noise Junction Field Effect Transistor (JFET) and a floating voltage source, achieving high accuracy and minimal noise down to 100 mHz.

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Area of Science:

Electronics
Instrumentation
Metrology

Background:

Accurate low-frequency noise measurements require highly stable and low-noise current sources.
Existing programmable current sources often struggle with noise performance at very low frequencies.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a new programmable current source with very low noise for low-frequency noise measurements.
To achieve high accuracy and stability in sourced current, particularly at sub-Hertz frequencies.

Main Methods:

Utilizing a low-noise Junction Field Effect Transistor (JFET) as the core high-impedance current source.
Implementing a programmable floating voltage source based on a photovoltaic MOSFET driver for current setting.
Incorporating advanced filtering and a control network with super-capacitors to minimize low-frequency output noise.

Main Results:

The developed system achieves output noise levels comparable to the intrinsic JFET noise down to 100 mHz.
Current programmability is achieved using a standard Digital-to-Analog converter with accuracy better than 1%.
A prototype demonstrated effective current sourcing from hundreds of microamperes to a few milliamperes, with RMS noise below 14 pA in the 0.1–10 Hz bandwidth.

Conclusions:

The proposed approach effectively realizes a very low noise programmable current source suitable for demanding low-frequency noise measurement applications.
The design demonstrates superior noise performance at very low frequencies, outperforming conventional methods.
The system offers a practical solution for precise current control in sensitive electronic measurements.