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Related Concept Videos

Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

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Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
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Epigenetic Regulation01:46

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Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
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Sample Preparation to Bioinformatics Analysis of DNA Methylation: Association Strategy for Obesity and Related Trait Studies
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Integrative epigenetic profiling analysis identifies DNA methylation changes associated with chronic alcohol

Julia Tzu-Ya Weng1, Lawrence Shih-Hsin Wu2, Chau-Shoun Lee3

  • 1Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li, Taiwan; Innovation Center for Big Data and Digital Convergence, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li, Taiwan.

Computers in Biology and Medicine
|January 4, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Chronic alcohol consumption alters DNA methylation patterns, impacting genes related to infection susceptibility, neural degeneration, and neurogenesis. This epigenetic study in Taiwanese aboriginal communities reveals potential targets for alcohol injury research.

Keywords:
AlcoholismDNA methylationEpigenetic profilingLongitudinal studyTaiwanese aboriginals

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Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics
  • Neuroscience
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Alcoholism poses a significant public health challenge, particularly in Taiwan's aboriginal populations.
  • Growing evidence links DNA methylation to alcoholism, but the epignomic effects of chronic alcohol use remain understudied.
  • Longitudinal mental health data from Taiwanese aboriginal communities since 1986 provide a unique cohort for investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate DNA methylation changes associated with chronic alcohol consumption in a longitudinal cohort of Taiwanese aboriginal males.
  • To identify specific genes and biological pathways affected by long-term alcohol dependence at the epigenetic level.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of DNA methylation profiles in blood samples from 10 individuals who developed alcoholism and 10 controls over multiple phases (1986-2009).
  • Comparison of methylation patterns between case and control groups, with enrichment analyses to identify affected biological processes.
  • Correlation analysis to identify specific genes whose methylation levels relate to alcohol consumption.

Main Results:

  • Control group methylation patterns were associated with immune responses and aging.
  • Individuals with alcoholism showed differential methylation in genes linked to infection susceptibility, muscular contraction, and neural degeneration.
  • Methylation levels of six genes, including NPDC1 (neurogenesis) and HERC5 (inflammation), correlated with alcohol consumption.

Conclusions:

  • Chronic alcohol consumption induces significant epigenetic alterations, as evidenced by differential DNA methylation.
  • Identified genes and pathways provide insights into alcohol-induced damage mechanisms, particularly concerning neural and immune systems.
  • This preliminary methylome map offers potential novel targets for understanding and treating alcohol-related injuries.