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Techniques for dental implant nanosurface modifications
Preeti Pachauri1, Lakshmana Rao Bathala2, Rajashekar Sangur1
1Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Rama Dental College-Hospital & Research Centre, Kanpur, India.
The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
|January 6, 2015
Summary
Nanoscale surface modifications on titanium dental implants enhance osseointegration by improving osteoblast adhesion and bone contact. Various techniques can create these nano-features for better dental implant success.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Dental Implantology
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- Titanium dental implants face osseointegration challenges due to material property differences with bone.
- Current endosseous implants utilize nanoscale surface characteristics to improve biological integration.
- Osseointegration, the direct structural and functional connection between bone and implant, is critical for implant success.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the impact of nanotopography on titanium dental implant surfaces for enhanced osseointegration.
- To summarize techniques used to generate nanoscale topographic features on titanium implants.
Main Methods:
- Systematic electronic literature search (Medline, PubMed, Google Scholar) from December 1987 to January 2012.
- Inclusion/exclusion criteria applied to 101 initially analyzed articles.
- Final analysis included 39 selected peer-reviewed articles.
Main Results:
- Increased surface roughness correlated with enhanced bone-implant contact in seven studies.
- Osteoblast adhesion was significantly higher on nanostructured surfaces compared to smooth surfaces in eight studies.
- Thirteen studies detailed various techniques for producing nano roughness on implant surfaces.
Conclusions:
- Nanoscale modification of dental implants can positively alter biological responses.
- Surface nanotopography holds potential for improving osseointegration and advancing dental implant procedures.
