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Related Experiment Videos

Tumor necrosis factor: immune endocrine interaction.

G Darling1, D S Goldstein, R Stull

  • 1Surgical Metabolism Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md. 20892.

Surgery
|December 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) rapidly alters metabolic and hormone levels in rats, even at non-hemodynamic doses. This immune signaling molecule also directly stimulates cortisol secretion from adrenal cells, suggesting immune-endocrine communication.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic research

Background:

  • Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a peptide cytokine produced by macrophages.
  • TNF is implicated as a key mediator in the pathophysiology of septic shock.
  • Understanding TNF's systemic effects is crucial for managing inflammatory conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the metabolic and hormonal effects of recombinant human TNF in vivo.
  • To examine the direct impact of TNF on cortisol secretion from human adrenocortical cells in vitro.
  • To elucidate the role of TNF in immune-endocrine system interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Administration of sublethal doses of recombinant human TNF to conscious, unrestrained rats.
  • Measurement of circulating metabolic substrates (glucose, lactate, triglycerides, branched chain amino acids) and hormones (glucagon, corticosterone, ACTH, norepinephrine, dihydroxyphenylglycol).

Related Experiment Videos

  • In vitro incubation of human adrenocortical cells with TNF to assess cortisol secretion.

    • Main Results:

    • Sublethal TNF doses caused rapid increases in blood glucose, lactate, and triglycerides.
    • TNF administration led to decreased plasma branched chain amino acids.
    • Significant elevations in plasma glucagon, corticosterone, ACTH, norepinephrine, and dihydroxyphenylglycol were observed.
    • In vitro, TNF stimulated cortisol secretion from adrenocortical cells, comparable to ACTH stimulation.
    • TNF administration induced metabolic, neuroendocrine, and sympathoneural activation.

    Conclusions:

    • Recombinant human TNF administration triggers significant metabolic and neuroendocrine changes in vivo.
    • TNF directly stimulates cortisol secretion from adrenal cells, highlighting immune cell-endocrine cell communication.
    • These findings support the concept that cytokines like TNF mediate interactions between the immune and endocrine systems.