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Choroidal thickness in macular holes: a case-control study.

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    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Retinal Imaging
    • Choroidal Anatomy

    Background:

    • Unilateral full-thickness macular holes (FTMHs) present unique challenges in understanding their pathogenesis.
    • Vitreomacular adhesion (VMA) is a precursor to FTMHs, offering a potential window into early pathological changes.
    • Assessing choroidal thickness can provide insights into the structural integrity of the macula.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare choroidal thickness in eyes with FTMH, contralateral VMA, and healthy controls.
    • To investigate the spatial distribution of choroidal thinning in relation to macular hole formation.
    • To explore the association between choroidal thickness and the presence of FTMH and VMA.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective case-control study design.
    • Inclusion of 19 patients with unilateral FTMH and contralateral VMA, and 19 matched healthy controls.
    • Measurement of choroidal thickness at five specific macular locations (subfoveal, 1mm and 2mm nasal/temporal to fovea).

    Main Results:

    • Eyes with FTMH exhibited significantly thinner choroids compared to both contralateral VMA eyes and healthy controls at most measured locations.
    • A notable exception was observed 2mm temporal to the fovea, where choroidal thickness did not differ significantly.
    • Eyes with VMA showed reduced nasal choroidal thickness compared to healthy control eyes.

    Conclusions:

    • Choroidal thinning is a significant finding in eyes with FTMH, with a specific exception at the 2mm temporal location.
    • Reduced choroidal thickness in the nasal macula of eyes with VMA suggests an early pathological change.
    • These findings support an association between choroidal thinning and the development of macular holes.