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Safety of measles-containing vaccines in 1-year-old children

Nicola P Klein1, Edwin Lewis2, Bruce Fireman2

  • 1Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center, Oakland, California; nicola.klein@kp.org.

Pediatrics
|January 7, 2015
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

The measles-mumps-rubella-varicella (MMRV) vaccine showed a slightly increased risk of seizure and fever compared to separate MMR and varicella vaccines. However, no new safety concerns were identified for either vaccine.

Area of Science:

  • Vaccinology
  • Pediatric Safety
  • Immunization

Background:

  • Measles-containing vaccines are linked to adverse events like seizures and immune thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP).
  • The measles-mumps-rubella-varicella (MMRV) vaccine may increase toddlers' risk for febrile seizures compared to separate MMR and varicella (MMR + V) vaccines.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the safety profiles of the MMRV vaccine versus the combined MMR + V vaccine.
  • To investigate if either vaccine increases the risk for specific adverse safety outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A large cohort study using the Vaccine Safety Datalink (2000-2012) included children aged 12-23 months.
  • Investigated nine outcomes: anaphylaxis, ITP, ataxia, arthritis, meningitis/encephalitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, Kawasaki disease, seizure, and fever.
  • Relative risks were estimated comparing MMRV to MMR + V, with secondary analyses examining risks versus non-vaccine periods.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in risks for seven main outcomes were found when comparing MMRV to MMR + V.
  • ITP risk was elevated after both MMRV and MMR + V vaccination compared to baseline.
  • MMRV vaccination was associated with an increased risk of seizure and fever 7-10 days post-vaccination compared to MMR + V.

Conclusions:

  • The study found no new safety concerns when comparing the MMRV vaccine to the MMR + V vaccine.
  • The findings provide reassurance regarding the safety of both MMRV and MMR + V vaccines for the studied outcomes.
Keywords:
measlessafetyvaccinevaricella

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