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Neighbourhood immigrant concentration and hospitalization: a multilevel analysis of cardiovascular-related admissions

D Walter Rasugu Omariba1, Nancy A Ross, Claudia Sanmartin

  • 1Statistics Canada. Walter.Omariba@statcan.gc.ca.

Canadian Journal of Public Health = Revue Canadienne De Sante Publique
|January 7, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Cardiovascular disease hospitalizations were lower in high-immigrant neighborhoods. However, this neighborhood effect on cardiovascular disease risk diminished after accounting for individual immigrant status, though it offered some protection for immigrant women.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Understanding the health of immigrant populations is crucial for public health.
  • Neighbourhood characteristics may influence health outcomes, including cardiovascular disease.
  • Previous research has not fully explored the impact of immigrant concentration on cardiovascular disease hospitalizations in Canada.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine how neighborhood immigrant concentration affects cardiovascular disease hospitalizations (CVDH) in Canada.
  • To adjust for individual immigrant status and socio-economic factors at both individual and neighborhood levels.
  • To investigate potential variations in CVDH risk based on country of birth and sex.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the 2006 Canadian Census linked to Ontario's Discharge Abstract Data (DAD).
  • Included 1,459,950 adults aged 18+, categorized by place of birth (Canada, China, South Asia, Europe, other).
  • Employed multilevel logistic regression to analyze CVDH between May 2006 and March 2008.

Main Results:

  • Unadjusted analysis revealed lower CVDH in medium and high immigrant concentration neighborhoods.
  • Neighborhood immigrant concentration showed no independent effect on CVDH after adjusting for individual immigrant status.
  • Immigrants generally had lower CVDH risk. Neighborhood concentration offered additional protection for most immigrant women and South Asian men.

Conclusions:

  • This study is the first to link Canadian census and hospitalization data to examine neighborhood effects on CVDH.
  • Both individual and neighborhood factors, along with country of origin, are important for understanding immigrant cardiovascular health.
  • Findings highlight the need for multifaceted approaches to address immigrant health disparities.
Abstract

Keywords:
Hospitalizationcardiovascular diseasesdata linkageimmigrantsneighbourhoods

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