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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

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Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal...
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Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...
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Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
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Development of Human Microbiota01:30

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The human microbiota begins developing at birth and undergoes continual change as we age. Infancy marks a critical period of microbial sensitivity, offering a “window of opportunity” during which beneficial microbes help mature the immune system. By age three, children typically develop a more stable and diverse microbial community. Newborns acquire microbes from their immediate environment; vaginal delivery favors maternal vaginal microbes, while cesarean births favor microbes from...
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Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD01:29

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Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 19, 2026

Induction of Intestinal Inflammation by Adoptive Transfer of CBir1 TCR Transgenic CD4+ T Cells to Immunodeficient Mice
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Bifidobacterium infantis attenuates colitis by regulating T cell subset responses.

Li Zuo1, Kai-Tao Yuan1, Li Yu1

  • 1Li Zuo, Qing-Hong Meng, Peter Chee-Keung Chung, Department of Immunology, Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China.

World Journal of Gastroenterology
|January 7, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Bifidobacterium infantis (B. infantis) supplementation in mice reduced the severity of colitis by modulating T cell responses. This probiotic decreased inflammatory Th1 and Th17 cells while increasing regulatory T cells (Tregs), promoting gut healing.

Keywords:
BifidobacteriumColitisCytokinesRegulatory T cellsTh17

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Development of an Antigen-driven Colitis Model to Study Presentation of Antigens by Antigen Presenting Cells to T Cells
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Development of an Antigen-driven Colitis Model to Study Presentation of Antigens by Antigen Presenting Cells to T Cells

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Microbiology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) pathogenesis involves dysregulated immune responses, particularly T cell subsets.
  • Probiotics, such as Bifidobacterium infantis (B. infantis), are explored for their immunomodulatory potential in gut inflammation.
  • Understanding the specific effects of B. infantis on T cell subsets is crucial for developing targeted therapies for colitis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of Bifidobacterium infantis (B. infantis) on T cell subsets in the context of experimental colitis.
  • To determine the efficacy of B. infantis in attenuating the severity of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis in mice.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which B. infantis influences cytokine profiles and immune cell populations in the gut.

Main Methods:

  • BALB/c mice were administered varying doses of B. infantis for three weeks.
  • T cell subsets and cytokine profiles in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) were analyzed using flow cytometry and real-time RT-PCR.
  • Colitis was induced via TNBS administration; mice received high-dose B. infantis prior to induction, followed by analysis of colonic tissue and MLN cytokine profiles.

Main Results:

  • High-dose B. infantis administration increased regulatory T cell (Treg)-related transcription factors (Foxp3) and cytokines (IL-10) in normal mice.
  • B. infantis also elevated Th17-related transcription factors (RORγt) and cytokines (IL-21, IL-23) and increased CD4(+)Foxp3(+) Tregs and Th17 cells in MLNs.
  • In TNBS-induced colitis, B. infantis treatment reduced inflammatory cell infiltration, goblet cell depletion, and restored intestinal epithelium, while decreasing Th1/Th17 cytokines and increasing Treg molecules.

Conclusions:

  • Bifidobacterium infantis effectively attenuates TNBS-induced colitis in a mouse model.
  • The therapeutic effect is mediated by suppressing Th1 and Th17 immune responses.
  • B. infantis promotes an anti-inflammatory environment by increasing Foxp3(+) regulatory T cell populations in the colonic mucosa.