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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

2.6K
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
2.6K
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  3. Research Domains
  5. Biomedical And Clinical Sciences
  7. Oncology And Carcinogenesis
  9. Predictive And Prognostic Markers
  11. Tumor-specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Activity Determines Colorectal Cancer Patient Prognosis.
  1. Home
  3. Research Domains
  5. Biomedical And Clinical Sciences
  7. Oncology And Carcinogenesis
  9. Predictive And Prognostic Markers
  11. Tumor-specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Activity Determines Colorectal Cancer Patient Prognosis.

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Competing-Risk Nomogram for Predicting Cancer-Specific Survival in Multiple Primary Colorectal Cancer Patients after Surgery
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Tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity determines colorectal cancer patient prognosis.

Christoph Reissfelder, Slava Stamova, Christina Gossmann

    The Journal of Clinical Investigation
    |January 7, 2015

    View abstract on PubMed

    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Tumor antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) expressing TNF-α are key for colorectal cancer (CRC) survival. Measuring intratumoral TNF-α can predict patient prognosis in CRC.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Oncology
    • Cancer Research

    Background:

    • Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) composition impacts colorectal cancer (CRC) prognosis.
    • The precise functional role of TILs in patient survival is not fully understood.
    • Identifying specific TIL populations and their functions is crucial for CRC outcome prediction.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate functionally active TILs and their tumor specificity in CRC patients.
    • To determine the correlation between TIL presence and long-term patient survival.
    • To investigate TNF-α expression as a marker for tumor-specific CTL activity and prognostic value in CRC.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of 190 colorectal cancer patients for TIL presence and function.
    • Intracytoplasmic cytokine staining and HLA multimer assays to identify tumor antigen-specific (TA-specific) CTLs.
  • Antigen-specific cytokine secretion assays and retrospective multivariate analysis of immune parameters in 102 CRC patients.

    • Main Results:

    • TNF-α expression identifies TA-specific CTLs within colorectal cancer tumors.
    • Increased intratumoral TNF-α correlates with enhanced TA-specific CTL activity.
    • Elevated TNF-α concentration emerged as an independent prognostic factor for CRC survival.

    Conclusions:

    • Prognostic impact of TILs in CRC is linked to active TA-specific T cell subpopulations.
    • These TA-specific T cells likely play a causal role in patient survival.
    • Intratumoral TNF-α serves as a valuable prognostic biomarker for T cell function in CRC.