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Interleukin-2-induced decrease in the buoyant density of cytotoxic cells and its relationship with proliferation.

A Sarin1, R K Saxena

  • 1Immunology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India.

Natural Immunity and Cell Growth Regulation
|January 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary
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Interleukin 2 (IL-2) reduces the buoyant density of natural killer (NK) cells, enhancing their cytotoxic activity. This study shows that cell proliferation is not required for IL-2-induced NK cell activation or density changes.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Interleukin 2 (IL-2) is recognized for its role in enhancing natural killer (NK) cell activity.
  • Understanding the cellular changes associated with IL-2-mediated NK cell activation is crucial for immunotherapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the alterations in buoyant density of killer effector cells generated by IL-2 treatment.
  • To determine if cell proliferation is essential for IL-2-induced cytotoxicity and density reduction.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized discontinuous Percoll density gradients to separate cells.
  • Examined mouse spleen cells, rat spleen cells, and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
  • Assessed cytotoxic activity and buoyant density of IL-2-stimulated cells, including those treated with mitomycin C to inhibit proliferation.

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Main Results:

  • IL-2-generated killer effector cells exhibited significantly lower buoyant densities than fresh NK cells across all species studied.
  • A single Percoll layer (44.2%) effectively enriched IL-2-induced cytolytic activity in lighter cell fractions.
  • IL-2 augmented NK cell activity and reduced buoyant density even in mouse spleen cells treated with mitomycin C, which inhibits proliferation.

Conclusions:

  • IL-2 induces a reduction in the buoyant density of NK effector cells.
  • Cell proliferation is not a prerequisite for the activation of cytotoxic activity or the decrease in buoyant density induced by IL-2.