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Correlation between blood lead level and hemoglobin level in mitrovica children
Drita Kutllovci-Zogaj1, Selvete Krasniqi1, Isa Elezaj1
1Faculty of medicine, University of Prishtina, Prishtina, Kosova ; Faculty of medicine, University of Prishtina, Prishtina, Kosova.
Insights
This study found a significant correlation between elevated blood lead levels and lower hemoglobin concentrations in children. Higher lead exposure in children is linked to reduced hemoglobin, indicating potential health risks from environmental lead pollution.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Health
- Pediatrics
- Toxicology
Background:
- Lead toxicity poses a significant global health risk, particularly in developing regions affected by environmental pollution.
- Investigating the relationship between blood lead levels and hemoglobin concentration is crucial for understanding lead's impact on child health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the correlation between blood lead levels and hemoglobin concentration in children.
- To assess the health implications of environmental lead exposure in pediatric populations.
Main Methods:
- A study involving 250 children, including kindergarteners and primary school pupils from Mitrovica and a control group from Shtime.
- Blood samples were analyzed for lead (Pb) concentration and hemoglobin levels at the National Institute of Public Health.
- Statistical analyses, including Spearman correlation, were used to determine relationships between variables.
Main Results:
- Children in Mitrovica exhibited higher average blood lead levels compared to the control group, with kindergarteners showing significantly higher levels than pupils.
- Significant differences in hemoglobin levels were observed between pupils from Mitrovica and Shtime.
- A significant medium-scale negative correlation (r = -0.305, p < 0.0001) was found between blood lead levels and hemoglobin concentration.
Conclusions:
- Elevated blood lead levels in children are associated with reduced hemoglobin concentrations.
- Environmental lead pollution presents a tangible risk to children's health, potentially leading to conditions like anemia.
- Further public health interventions are necessary to mitigate lead exposure and its adverse effects on children.
Introduction:
Lead toxicity is a serious health threat, especially in developing countries due to environmental pollution. It was thus aimed to investigate correlation between blood lead level and concentration level of hemoglobin in the blood of children involved in research.
Material And Methods:
The research included 250 children of which 31(12.4%) kindergarten children, 166 (66.4%) of primary school pupils in Mitrovica and 53(21.2%) of primary school pupils in Shtime as control group. From the 250 children included in the survey 129 or 51.6% were female children and 48.4% male children. Children were selected randomly, while tests for concentration of Pb and blood hemoglobin were done at the National Institute of Public Health.
Results:
The average value of blood lead level of Mitrovica pupils was 2.4 µg/dL (SD±1.9µg/dL), range 0.5 to 16.3µg/dL. The average value of blood lead level of Shtime pupils was 2.3µg/dL (SD±0.7µg/dL), range 1.2 to 5.2 µg/dL with no statistical difference (P = 0.191). The average value of blood lead level in kindergarten children of Mitrovica was 3.8µg/dL (SD±1.3µg/dL), range 2.2 to 7.7µg/dL with significant difference between the average values of blood lead levels of pupils and kindergarten children of Mitrovica (P <0.0001). The average value of hemoglobin in the pupils of Mitrovica was 14.0g/dL(SD± 3.7g/dL), range 9.4 to 25.6 g/dL. The average value of hemoglobin to pupils of Shtime was 11.4g/dl(SD±0.8 g/dl), range 9.2 to 13.0 g/dl with significant difference between mean values of hemoglobin pupils of Mitrovica and Shtime (U '= 6440.0, P <0.0001). With Spearman correlation is found significant correlation of a medium scale (r = -0.305, df = 248, p <0.0001) between blood lead levels and hemoglobin level in the blood.