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Factor XIII B subunit polymorphisms and the risk of coronary artery disease

Zoltán A Mezei1, Zsuzsanna Bereczky2, Éva Katona3

  • 1Division of Clinical Laboratory Science, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 98 Nagyerdei Krt., Debrecen H-4032, Hungary. mezeiza@med.unideb.hu.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|January 9, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Certain genetic variations in coagulation factor XIII B subunit (FXIII-B) may protect against coronary artery disease (CAD) and myocardial infarction (MI), particularly when FXIII levels are lower. This suggests a link between FXIII-B polymorphisms and cardiovascular risk.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide.
  • Coagulation factor XIII (FXIII) plays a crucial role in hemostasis.
  • FXIII B subunit (FXIII-B) gene polymorphisms are investigated for their potential association with CAD risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between FXIII-B polymorphisms and the risk of coronary atherosclerosis (CAS) and myocardial infarction (MI).
  • To examine the impact of these polymorphisms on FXIII levels.
  • To explore potential synergistic effects between FXIII-B and FXIII-A polymorphisms.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 687 patients with suspected CAD and 994 controls from the Hungarian population.
  • Genotyping of F13B gene for p.His95Arg and intron K nt29756 C>G polymorphisms.
  • Classification of patients based on coronary atherosclerosis (CAS) and myocardial infarction (MI) history.
  • Analysis of FXIII levels and fibrinogen levels.

Main Results:

  • The p.His95Arg polymorphism showed no significant effect on CAS or MI risk.
  • The FXIII-B intron K nt29756 G allele offered protection against CAS and MI in individuals with high fibrinogen levels, but only when FXIII-A Leu34 allele was present (synergistic effect).
  • Carriers of the intron K nt29756 G allele exhibited lower FXIII levels, and lower FXIII levels were associated with protection against MI.

Conclusions:

  • The FXIII-B intron K nt29756 G allele, in conjunction with FXIII-A Leu34, provides a protective effect against CAS and MI.
  • This protective effect appears to be mediated by decreased FXIII levels.
  • FXIII-B polymorphisms may represent a novel target for cardiovascular risk assessment and management.

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