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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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In eukaryotic DNA replication, a single-stranded DNA fragment remains at the end of a chromosome after the removal of the final primer. This section of DNA cannot be replicated in the same manner as the rest of the strand because there is no 3’ end to which the newly synthesized DNA can attach. This non-replicated fragment results in gradual loss of the chromosomal DNA during each cell duplication. Additionally, it can induce a DNA damage response by enzymes that recognize single-stranded...
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Describing a Transcription Factor Dependent Regulation of the MicroRNA Transcriptome
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Describing a Transcription Factor Dependent Regulation of the MicroRNA Transcriptome

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Telomerase reverse transcriptase regulates microRNAs.

Timo Lassmann1, Yoshiko Maida2, Yasuhiro Tomaru3

  • 1RIKEN Omics Science Center, RIKEN Yokohama Institute, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan. lassmann@gsc.riken.jp.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|January 9, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) significantly impacts microRNA expression by reducing primary and mature microRNA levels. This suggests TERT regulates microRNA biogenesis through non-telomerase mechanisms.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • RNA Biology

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial regulators of gene expression, primarily functioning in RNA silencing.
  • While miRNA function is understood, the mechanisms governing miRNA expression remain largely unknown.
  • TERT, telomerase reverse transcriptase, is known for its role in telomere maintenance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of TERT in the regulation of microRNA expression.
  • To explore potential non-telomeric functions of TERT in miRNA biogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Deep sequencing of short RNA populations in THP-1 and HeLa cells.
  • Suppression of TERT, BRG1, and nucleostemin expression.
  • Analysis of primary, precursor, and mature microRNA levels.

Main Results:

  • TERT suppression led to significant downregulation of mature microRNAs.
  • Primary and precursor microRNA levels were also reduced upon TERT suppression.
  • Suppression of TERT-interacting proteins BRG1 and nucleostemin yielded similar results.

Conclusions:

  • TERT plays a critical role in regulating microRNA expression levels.
  • TERT appears to influence microRNA biogenesis at early stages.
  • The regulatory mechanism likely involves non-telomerase functions of TERT.