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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 18, 2026

Autonomous and Rechargeable Microneurostimulator Endoscopically Implantable into the Submucosa
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Towards addressable wireless microstimulators based on electronic rectification of epidermically applied currents.

L Becerra-Fajardo, A Ivorra

    Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference
    |January 9, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    Researchers developed advanced implantable circuits for Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) in paralysis patients. These miniaturized devices rectify high-frequency currents for controlled, targeted nerve stimulation, improving FES applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Neuroscience
    • Implantable Devices

    Background:

    • Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) aims to restore nervous system function in paralysis.
    • Current FES technology requires further miniaturization of implantable stimulators for broader clinical use.
    • Innovative methods are needed to enhance FES capabilities, including current control and addressability.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and present an intermediate-stage macroscopic implantable circuit for advanced FES applications.
    • To demonstrate a circuit capable of responding to commands and delivering charge-balanced currents.
    • To explore miniaturized, flexible, and addressable stimulators for future FES systems.

    Main Methods:

    • Designed and built macroscopic (~2 mm diameter) implants using off-the-shelf components.
    • Developed a circuit that rectifies high-frequency currents modulated with command signals.
    • Tested the circuit's ability to deliver charge-balanced currents for independent stimulation.

    Main Results:

    • The developed circuit successfully responded to computer-controlled commands embedded in high-frequency bursts.
    • Independent stimulation of earthworm nerve segments was achieved using multiple circuits.
    • The system demonstrated the capability for controlled, charge-balanced current delivery.

    Conclusions:

    • The presented circuit represents a significant step towards advanced, miniaturized implantable stimulators for FES.
    • This technology holds promise for improving the clinical applicability and efficacy of FES in treating paralysis.
    • Further development aims for flexible, thread-like implants with integrated ASICs for next-generation FES.