Chromosome 1 studies in Wilms' tumor

Ten newly diagnosed patients with Wilms' tumor had blood and tumor samples taken for cytogenetic analysis. DNA was also extracted from these samples, along with blood obtained from both parents and an age- and sex-matched control. Molecular biological techniques were employed to study changes present in these samples with respect to chromosome 1. Two DNA probes, PIB 174 and PFBl, mapping to 1q12-qter and 1p12-pter, respectively, were examined for the presence of restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) and to detect copy numbers of sequences homologous to the probes. These were normalized with respect to themselves and with regard to a control probe P30. No RFLPs were found with the restriction enzymes used. However, seven patients showed a marked alteration in hybridization signal in tumor and/or blood samples compared to control samples and the control probe. This was apparent using probe PFBl, but just failed to reach statistical significance using nonparametric testing. This would suggest that submicroscopic chromosome 1 changes are present more often in Wilms' tumor than previously recognized, and they may play a leading role in the genesis of this tumor.