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High-frequency High-resolution Echocardiography: First Evidence on Non-invasive Repeated Measure of Myocardial Strain, Contractility, and Mitral Regurgitation in the Ischemia-reperfused Murine Heart
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Non-invasive wave reflection quantification in patients with reduced ejection fraction.

Stephanie Parragh1, Bernhard Hametner, Martin Bachler

  • 1AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Health & Environment Department, Biomedical Systems, Donau-City-Str. 1, 1220 Vienna, Austria. Vienna University of Technology, Institute for Analysis and Scientific Computing, Wiedner Hauptstr. 8-10, 1040 Vienna, Austria.

Physiological Measurement
|January 10, 2015
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Summary

Non-invasive arterial wave reflection analysis is feasible in heart failure. Mathematical models for aortic flow estimation show promise for assessing cardiovascular health in reduced ejection fraction (EF) patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Arterial wave reflection is crucial for cardiovascular health assessment.
  • Non-invasive methods like pulse wave analysis (PWA) and wave separation analysis (WSA) are used.
  • Limited research exists on these methods in systolic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (EF).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate non-invasive arterial wave reflection parameters in patients with reduced EF.
  • To compare Doppler ultrasound flow measurements with mathematical flow models for WSA.
  • To assess the feasibility of non-invasive WSA in reduced EF populations.

Main Methods:

  • Non-invasive aortic pressure and Doppler flow measurements were obtained.
  • Wave reflection parameters were calculated using PWA and WSA.
  • Aortic flow was estimated using Doppler ultrasound and three mathematical models (triangular, averaged, Windkessel).
  • Data were analyzed in 61 patients with reduced EF and 122 with normal EF.

Main Results:

  • All PWA and WSA wave reflection parameters were comparable between reduced and normal EF groups after adjustments.
  • Windkessel model-based WSA closely matched Doppler-derived wave separations in both groups.
  • The averaged flow model performed poorly in reduced EF, while the triangular model showed better approximation.
  • Non-invasive WSA assessment using mathematical models appears feasible in reduced EF patients.

Conclusions:

  • Non-invasive assessment of arterial wave reflection is viable in patients with systolic heart failure and reduced EF.
  • Mathematical models, particularly the triangular and Windkessel models, can provide reliable aortic flow estimates for WSA.
  • These findings support the use of non-invasive WSA for cardiovascular research and clinical applications in heart failure.