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Does wearing shoes affect your biomechanical efficiency?

Guillaume Rao1, Nicolas Chambon2, Nils Guéguen3

  • 1Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, ISM UMR 7287, 13288 Marseille, France.

Journal of Biomechanics
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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Running barefoot or in minimalist shoes does not alter maximal muscle forces. However, footwear significantly impacts muscle fiber behavior, particularly in the gastrocnemii muscles, revealing intricate mechanics.

Keywords:
EMG-Driven modelFootwearMuscle-TendonRunning

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics of running
  • Musculoskeletal adaptations to footwear
  • Human locomotion analysis

Background:

  • Minimalist shoe research has grown, yet muscle-level adaptations remain unclear.
  • Previous studies focused on kinematics and muscle activity, not muscle forces or fiber behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate muscular modifications during running in barefoot, minimalist (0mm), and traditional footwear.
  • To analyze Triceps Surae (TS) muscle forces and fiber behavior using an EMG-driven model.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an EMG-driven musculoskeletal model integrating kinematic, dynamic, and electromyographic data.
  • Compared running biomechanics across three conditions: barefoot, 0mm midsole shoe, and traditional shoe.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in maximal muscle forces or relative force distribution within the TS muscle group were found across footwear conditions.
  • Running barefoot led to reduced fiber length amplitudes in the gastrocnemii biarticular muscles compared to shod conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Footwear, even minimalist, significantly alters muscle-tendon mechanics and muscle fiber behavior during running.
  • Adaptations occur at the muscle fiber level, not just joint kinematics, when running with or without shoes.