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Published on: October 20, 2023
Sulfated glycans in inflammation.
1Program of Glycobiology, Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, and University Hospital Clementino Fraga Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-913, Brazil.
Sulfated glycans are complex sugars that play a key role in inflammation. They help control how immune cells move and behave during inflammatory responses. These molecules can be found in mammals and marine organisms. The review explores how different types of sulfated glycans, such as heparins and fucoidans, reduce inflammation. They work by regulating chemokines, which guide immune cells. They also help maintain the structure of tissues. This understanding can help develop new drugs to treat inflammatory diseases. The study synthesizes current knowledge to support future research and therapeutic applications.
Area of Science:
- Inflammation biology
- Glycobiology
- Pharmacological interventions
Background:
Inflammation involves complex molecular and cellular interactions. Glycans play a role in these processes. Sulfated glycans are particularly significant. Their involvement in leukocyte behavior is well-documented. Chemokine regulation is another key area. Transendothelial migration is also influenced by these molecules. Structural roles in basement membranes are known. However, the full extent of their anti-inflammatory potential remains unclear.
Purpose Of The Study:
This review aims to explore the anti-inflammatory roles of sulfated glycans. Focus is on mammalian and marine-derived compounds. The goal is to understand their mechanisms. Researchers want to identify potential drug candidates. The study highlights heparins and related structures. It also examines fucoidans and fucosylated chondroitin sulfate. The motivation is to guide drug development. The review provides a synthesis of current knowledge.
Main Methods:
The approach is based on a literature review. Data from multiple studies are synthesized. Emphasis is on sulfated glycans from various sources. The analysis includes mammalian and marine compounds. Structural and functional aspects are considered. Mechanisms of action are examined. The focus is on inflammation-related functions. The review integrates findings from diverse research fields.
Main Results:
Heparins and heparan sulfate show anti-inflammatory effects. Chondroitin and dermatan sulfates also contribute. Fucosylated chondroitin sulfate from holothurians is effective. Brown algal fucoidans exhibit similar properties. These compounds regulate chemokine activity. They influence leukocyte migration and activation. Structural roles in basement membranes are noted. The mechanisms suggest potential for drug development.
Conclusions:
The review highlights the anti-inflammatory roles of sulfated glycans. Mammalian and marine-derived compounds are effective. Their mechanisms involve chemokine regulation. Leukocyte behavior is influenced by these molecules. Structural support in basement membranes is important. The findings support further drug development. Researchers can use this knowledge to design new therapies. The synthesis of current evidence is valuable for future studies.
Frequently Asked Questions
They regulate chemokine activity and influence leukocyte migration.
Fucosylated chondroitin sulfate from holothurians is noted.
It helps control tissue entry of cells during inflammation.
They exhibit anti-inflammatory properties by influencing leukocyte behavior.
They modulate the process by interacting with endothelial surfaces.
It supports the design of carbohydrate-based drugs for inflammatory disorders.
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