Interactions between parasitic infections and reproductive efficiency in sheep

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Parasitology
• Sheep Reproduction
• Animal Health

Background:

• Parasitic infections are prevalent in sheep farming.
• Reproductive efficiency is a key economic trait in sheep production.
• Interactions between parasites and host reproduction are complex and multifaceted.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and summarize existing literature on the impact of parasitic infections on sheep reproductive efficiency.
• To highlight specific examples of parasitic diseases affecting different reproductive stages in sheep.
• To explore how the reproductive status of sheep can influence parasitic infections.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of scientific reports and studies.
• Synthesis of data on various parasitic infections in sheep.
• Categorization of impacts based on reproductive cycle stages.

Main Results:

• Parasitic infections like trichostrongylosis, myiosis, mange, trypanosomosis, toxoplasmosis, neosporosis, cryptosporidiosis, and coccidiosis negatively affect sheep reproduction.
• Specific impacts include delayed puberty, mating impediments, testicular degeneration, reduced conception rates, abortions, decreased milk yield, mastitis risk, lamb mortality, and poor growth.
• Reproductive status, such as the peri-parturient period and twin lambing, can alter parasitic infection levels.

Conclusions:

• Parasitic infections pose a significant threat to sheep reproductive performance.
• A bidirectional relationship exists between parasite burden and reproductive status in sheep.
• Effective parasite control strategies are essential for maintaining flock health and productivity.