[Long noncoding RNAs in prostate cancer]

Zhang-qun Ye1, Tao Wang, Wen Song

  • 1Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China. zhangqun_ye@163.com

Insights

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate gene expression and are implicated in cancer. This review explores lncRNA roles in prostate cancer, offering insights for clinical applications.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are RNA molecules >200 nucleotides without protein-coding potential.
  • lncRNAs regulate gene expression at epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional levels.
  • Aberrant lncRNA expression is linked to tumor development, invasion, metastasis, and prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding lncRNA functions in prostate cancer.
  • To identify potential new avenues for clinical prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of prostate cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on lncRNAs and prostate cancer.
  • Analysis of lncRNA involvement in prostate cancer's multi-step development process.

Main Results:

  • lncRNAs significantly impact cellular processes like growth, proliferation, differentiation, metabolism, and apoptosis.
  • Abnormal lncRNA expression is a key factor in prostate cancer progression.
  • lncRNAs offer potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in prostate cancer.

Conclusions:

  • lncRNAs play a critical role in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer.
  • Further research into lncRNAs may yield novel strategies for prostate cancer management.

Related Concept Videos

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
10.2K
lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

3.9K
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
4.4K
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
25.1K
Non-LTR Retrotransposons03:18

Non-LTR Retrotransposons

As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
14.1K
Ribosomal RNA Synthesis02:53

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
15.4K