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Management of severe non-TB bacterial infection in HIV-infected adults

Katherine M Gaskell1, Nicholas A Feasey, Robert S Heyderman

  • 1Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi.

Expert Review of Anti-Infective Therapy
|January 13, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Severe bacterial infections (SBI) remain a major threat for adults with HIV, despite advances in antiretroviral therapy (ART). Emerging antimicrobial resistance complicates the management of these serious infections in vulnerable populations.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • HIV/AIDS Research
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Severe bacterial infections (SBI) continue to be a significant cause of illness and death in adults with HIV globally.
  • Despite widespread antiretroviral therapy (ART) use, challenges persist due to incomplete coverage and ART failure.
  • Key pathogens include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current epidemiology of SBI in HIV-infected adults.
  • To discuss the primary causes and effective treatment strategies for SBI in this population.
  • To explore future directions in managing SBI in the context of evolving antimicrobial resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on SBI in HIV-infected adults.
  • Analysis of epidemiological trends and common causative pathogens.
  • Examination of treatment guidelines and emerging challenges.

Main Results:

  • SBI remains a critical concern for HIV-infected individuals worldwide.
  • The epidemiology of SBI is complex and influenced by ART access and failure rates.
  • Antimicrobial resistance poses a significant challenge to treating SBI in HIV patients.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of SBI in HIV-infected adults requires addressing both infection control and antimicrobial stewardship.
  • Continued research is needed to combat emerging pathogens and resistance patterns.
  • Improved ART access and adherence are crucial for reducing SBI incidence.
Keywords:
HIVantimicrobial resistancebloodstream infectionspneumoniasevere bacterial infection

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