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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II01:19

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Rate-programmed drug delivery systems release drugs in a controlled manner to maintain therapeutic levels. Three main designs include reservoir, matrix, and hybrid systems.Reservoir systems consist of a drug core enclosed within a membrane that controls drug release. In non-swelling reservoir systems, polymers like ethyl cellulose or polymethacrylates are used. These do not hydrate in aqueous media and control release through membrane thickness, porosity, or insolubility. This type includes...
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Polymeric carriers enhance targeted drug delivery by increasing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. These carriers comprise a biodegradable polymeric backbone integrated with functional elements that enable targeting, improve physicochemical properties, and regulate drug release.Targeting MechanismsThe targeting ability of polymeric carriers is mediated by a homing device, which is a molecular recognition component designed to selectively bind to specific tissues or cells. Monoclonal...
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Rate-programmed drug delivery systems (DDS) are designed to release drugs at specific, controlled rates to maintain consistent therapeutic levels. These systems are categorized based on their release mechanisms, including dissolution-controlled DDS, diffusion-controlled DDS, and combined dissolution-diffusion-controlled DDS.In dissolution-controlled DDS, the release rate depends on the slow dissolution of the drug itself or the surrounding matrix. Drugs with inherently slow dissolution rates,...
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Controlled-release systems for intravaginal and intrauterine drug delivery have been developed primarily for the administration of contraceptive steroid hormones. These delivery routes circumvent first-pass hepatic metabolism, thereby enhancing bioavailability and allowing for reduced systemic dosages compared to oral administration. Such approaches contribute to improved therapeutic efficacy and patient compliance, particularly in long-term contraceptive regimens.Intravaginal Drug Delivery...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 18, 2026

Composite Scaffolds of Interfacial Polyelectrolyte Fibers for Temporally Controlled Release of Biomolecules
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A new biodegradable polythiourethane as controlled release matrix polymer.

M D Campiñez1, C Ferris2, M V de Paz2

  • 1Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González 2, 41012 Seville, Spain.

International Journal of Pharmaceutics
|January 13, 2015
PubMed
Summary

A new biodegradable polythiourethane polymer was synthesized and characterized for direct compression tablet manufacturing. This polymer effectively controls drug release and exhibits excellent compressibility, making it a promising excipient.

Keywords:
1,6-Diisocyanatohexane (PubChem CID: 13192)Biodegradable polythiourethaneDiethyl ether (PubChem CID: 3283)Dithiothreitol (PubChem CID: 19001)Inert matricesN-methylpyrrolidone (PubChem CID: 13387)Percolation theoryPercolation thresholdSeDeM expert systemTheophylline (PubChem CID: 2153)

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Pharmaceutical Technology

Background:

  • Development of novel biodegradable polymers is crucial for advanced drug delivery systems.
  • Polythiourethanes offer unique properties for pharmaceutical applications.
  • Excipients with good compressibility and controlled release capabilities are highly sought after.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize a new linear functional biodegradable polythiourethane, PTU(DTT-HMDI).
  • To evaluate its suitability for direct compression tablet manufacturing using the SeDeM diagram.
  • To assess its potential as a controlled-release matrix-forming excipient.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis and characterization of polythiourethane-d,l-1,4-dithiothreitol-hexamethylene diisocyanate [PTU(DTT-HMDI)].
  • SeDeM diagram analysis for direct compression assessment.
  • Fabrication of theophylline anhydrous matrices with varying polymer concentrations (10-40%).
  • In vitro drug release studies using the paddle method.

Main Results:

  • The SeDeM analysis indicated favorable direct compression properties (IGC=4.59) without flow agents.
  • The polymer demonstrated a significant ability to control the release of theophylline anhydrous.
  • The polymer percolation threshold was determined to be between 20% and 30% w/w.

Conclusions:

  • The synthesized PTU(DTT-HMDI) is a promising biodegradable excipient for direct compression tablet formulations.
  • Its excellent compressibility and controlled drug release properties make it suitable for pharmaceutical applications.
  • Further research can explore its use in various drug delivery systems.