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Flood adaptive traits and processes: an overview.

Laurentius A C J Voesenek1, Julia Bailey-Serres1,2

  • 1Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, the Netherlands.

The New Phytologist
|January 13, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Plants have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to survive flooding. This study details how developmental plasticity and metabolic adjustments enable plants to cope with waterlogged roots and submerged tissues, crucial for crop resilience.

Keywords:
adventitious rootsaerenchymaethyleneflooding physiologyhypoxiaradial oxygen losssubmergencewaterlogging

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Physiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Ecology

Background:

  • Flooding presents significant challenges to plant growth and survival in both natural and agricultural settings.
  • Understanding plant responses to waterlogging and submergence is critical for improving crop resilience in flood-prone regions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanisms of developmental plasticity and metabolic modulation that confer adaptive traits to flooding.
  • To explore the molecular basis of submergence survival strategies, including ventilation and growth regulation.
  • To highlight natural variation in flooding tolerance across different plant species.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on plant responses to waterlogging and submergence.
  • Analysis of molecular pathways involving ethylene, gibberellins, and ethylene-response transcription factors (ERFs).
  • Examination of genetic variation in wild and domesticated species adapted to diverse hydrological niches.

Main Results:

  • Plants utilize developmental plasticity and metabolic adjustments to acclimate to flooding stress.
  • An ethylene and gibberellin-regulated module controls growth of submerged organs, with ERFs playing a key regulatory role.
  • Survival strategies involve enhanced ventilation, anaerobic metabolism, and the ability to resume growth post-flooding.

Conclusions:

  • Plants possess intricate molecular and physiological mechanisms to withstand and recover from flooding events.
  • Insights from natural flooding survival strategies can inform efforts to enhance crop yield stability.
  • Further research into plant adaptation to varied hydrological conditions is essential for agricultural sustainability.