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Imaging Approaches to Assessments of Toxicological Oxidative Stress Using Genetically-encoded Fluorogenic Sensors

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Oxygen sensing and signaling.

Joost T van Dongen¹, Francesco Licausi

¹Institute of Biology I, Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany;

Annual Review of Plant Biology

|January 13, 2015

Summary

Plants lack active oxygen transport, creating gradients that trigger metabolic adaptations. Oxygen levels directly impact transcription factors, controlling plant responses to low oxygen conditions.

Keywords:

ERF transcription factors N-end rule pathway fermentation hypoxia metabolic regulation oxygen

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Area of Science:

Plant Physiology
Biochemistry
Molecular Biology

Background:

Oxygen is vital for plant respiration and energy metabolism.
Plants lack active oxygen transport, leading to internal oxygen gradients.
Environmental factors can worsen oxygen deficiency in plant tissues.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe the molecular components of the oxygen-sensing pathway in plants.
To elucidate plant responses to spatial and temporal oxygen variations.
To understand how plants adapt to energy crises from low oxygen.

Main Methods:

Analysis of oxygen-sensing pathways.
Investigation of hypoxia-induced gene expression.
Study of signaling pathways affected by mitochondrial and chloroplast function.

Main Results:

Oxygen gradients are inherent in plant tissues.
Plants exhibit metabolic adaptations to low oxygen.
Transcription factor stability is directly influenced by oxygen levels.

Conclusions:

Plant responses to oxygen levels are dynamic and reversible.
Oxygen sensing involves metabolic and signaling pathways.
Understanding these pathways is crucial for plant adaptation to hypoxia.