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Related Concept Videos

Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction01:30

Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction

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Venous thrombosis, the most common disorder of the veins, involves the formation of a thrombus or blood clot associated with vein inflammation. It can be classified as either superficial vein thrombosis or deep vein thrombosis.Superficial Vein Thrombosis: This involves the formation of a thrombus in a superficial vein, usually the greater or lesser saphenous vein. Though less severe than deep vein thrombosis (DVT), SVT can lead to complications if untreated.Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): This...
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Venous thrombosis requires effective prevention and treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce potential complications.Prevention StrategiesHealthcare providers must prioritize preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) for all adult patients upon admission. Interventions depend on bleeding and thrombosis risk, medical history, current medications, diagnoses, planned procedures, and patient preferences. Patients on bed rest should change positions every two hours and, if not...
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Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management01:26

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Mitral stenosis, a condition marked by the narrowing of the mitral valve, necessitates an integrated approach for effective management. This approach includes preventative measures, medical therapy, and surgical interventions to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.PreventionPrevention of mitral stenosis primarily focuses on reducing the incidence of bacterial infections, particularly streptococcal infections, which can lead to rheumatic fever and subsequent valvular damage. Timely...
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Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction01:27

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IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...
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Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction01:19

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A blood clot, or thrombus, is a semi-solid mass composed of fibrin, platelets, and red blood cells. When it forms within a vessel, it can obstruct blood flow, known as thrombosis. If part of the clot detaches, it becomes an embolus that can travel and block distant vessels. When this occurs in the pulmonary arteries, it causes a condition known as pulmonary embolism (PE).Origin and ImpactMost often, the embolus originates from a thrombus in the deep veins of the lower limbs, a condition called...
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Pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs when a thrombus, fat or air embolus, amniotic fluid, or tumor tissue blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. These blockages originate in the venous system or the right side of the heart.EtiologyPE primarily arises from deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and other hypercoagulable states, such as inherited thrombophilias. Additional etiological factors include venous stasis, commonly seen in obesity, and endothelial injury from surgery and trauma. Less common causes include...
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Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve Replacement from Autologous Pericardium with a Self-Expandable Nitinol Stent in an Adult Sheep Model
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Prosthetic valve thrombosis.

Ahmad Separham1, Samad Ghaffari, Naser Aslanabadi

  • 1Cardiovascular Research Center, Madani Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.

Journal of Cardiac Surgery
|January 13, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Surgery is more effective and safer than thrombolysis for treating obstructive prosthetic valve thrombosis (PVT). Patients with compromised hemodynamics during PVT presentation face higher in-hospital mortality risks.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cardiac Surgery
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Prosthetic valve thrombosis (PVT) is a serious complication following valve replacement surgery.
  • Understanding the clinical characteristics and outcomes of PVT is crucial for effective patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with prosthetic valve thrombosis (PVT).
  • To compare the effectiveness and safety of different treatment strategies for obstructive PVT.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 85 PVT episodes in 80 patients over a 10-year period.
  • Diagnosis confirmed by echocardiography and/or fluoroscopy.
  • Treatment strategies included redo surgery, thrombolysis, or intensified anticoagulation.

Main Results:

  • Subtherapeutic INR (<2.5) was noted in 68.2% of patients.
  • Thrombolysis success rate was 56.2% with a 18.7% rate of intracranial hemorrhage.
  • Surgery demonstrated significantly lower complication rates (14.2%) compared to thrombolysis (68.7%).
  • Higher NYHA class and lower systolic blood pressure were linked to in-hospital mortality.

Conclusions:

  • Surgery is superior to thrombolysis for obstructive PVT regarding effectiveness and complication rates.
  • Hemodynamic compromise at presentation is a predictor of higher in-hospital mortality in PVT patients.