Time-frequency theta and delta measures index separable components of feedback processing in a gambling task
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Updated: Apr 18, 2026

Automatic Detection of Highly Organized Theta Oscillations in the Murine EEG
Published on: March 10, 2017
Edward M Bernat1, Lindsay D Nelson, Arielle R Baskin-Sommers
1Department of Psychology, University of Maryland-College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA.
Abstract:
Previous work using gambling tasks indicate that the feedback negativity (FN) reflects primary or salient stimulus attributes (often gain vs. loss), whereas the feedback-P300 appears sensitive to secondary stimulus information. A recent time-frequency approach has characterized separable theta (3-7 Hz) and delta (0-3 Hz) feedback processes, independently sensitive to primary feedback attributes, specifically loss and gain outcomes, respectively. The current study extends this time-frequency work to evaluate both primary and secondary (relative outcome and outcome magnitude) feedback attributes. Consistent with previous reports, theta indexed an initial, lower-level response sensitive to the primary (most salient) feedback attributes (specifically losses), while delta was sensitive to both primary attributes (specifically gains) and assessed secondary stimulus features.
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