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Bulk-fill resin composites: polymerization properties and extended light curing.

José Zorzin1, Eva Maier1, Sarah Harre1

  • 1Dental Clinic 1 - Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuernberg, Glueckstr. 11, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany.

Dental Materials : Official Publication of the Academy of Dental Materials
|January 14, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Bulk-fill resin composites show adequate polymerization at 4mm depth, with extended light curing improving properties. Conventional composites were used for comparison.

Keywords:
Bulk-fillDegree of conversionFTIR spectroscopyIrradianceResin compositesShrinkage stressVickers hardnessVolume shrinkage

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Area of Science:

  • Dental Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Biomaterials Engineering

Background:

  • Bulk-fill resin composites offer clinical advantages but require evaluation of their polymerization efficacy.
  • Understanding polymerization properties is crucial for ensuring the longevity and performance of dental restorations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the polymerization characteristics of various bulk-fill resin composites.
  • To compare these properties under different light-curing protocols (30s vs. manufacturer's instructions).
  • To benchmark against conventional condensable and flowable resin composites.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated six bulk-fill and one flowable resin composite.
  • Evaluated degree of conversion (%DC), Vickers hardness (HV), polymerization volume shrinkage (PVS), and polymerization shrinkage stress (PSS).
  • Utilized FTIR-ATR spectroscopy, Archimedes method, and universal testing machine for measurements at 2mm and 4mm depths.

Main Results:

  • Most bulk-fill composites achieved sufficient %DC at 4mm depth, with enhanced curing time improving properties.
  • Reduced Vickers hardness was observed at 4mm for some bulk-fill materials and the flowable composite.
  • FiltekZ250 and TetricEvoCeram BulkFill exhibited the lowest polymerization volume shrinkage, while Filtek Supreme XTE Flowable showed the highest shrinkage stress.

Conclusions:

  • Bulk-fill resin composites demonstrate adequate polymerization at 4mm depth, supporting their clinical use.
  • Extended light-curing duration positively influences the polymerization properties of bulk-fill materials.
  • Specific bulk-fill composites show variations in shrinkage and hardness, necessitating careful material selection.