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Related Concept Videos

Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications01:30

Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications

1.9K
Capillary electrophoretic separations offer various modes, each with unique applications. These modes include capillary zone electrophoresis, capillary gel electrophoresis, capillary array electrophoresis, capillary isoelectric focusing, capillary isotachophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, and capillary electrochromatography.
Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) separates ionic components based on their electrophoretic mobility. It has been used to separate proteins, amino acids,...
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Electrophoresis: Overview01:20

Electrophoresis: Overview

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Electrophoresis is a powerful analytical separation technique that relies on the differential migration of charged species when subjected to an electric field. The core strength of electrophoresis lies in its ability to separate high-molecular-weight species in complex mixtures. It has found widespread use in biochemistry, molecular biology, and analytical chemistry, allowing the separation of compounds like amino acids, nucleotides, carbohydrates, and proteins with excellent resolution.
There...
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Capillary Electrophoresis: Instrumentation01:20

Capillary Electrophoresis: Instrumentation

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Capillary electrophoresis instrumentation typically consists of several key components. A high-voltage power supply generates the electric field necessary for the separation by connecting to an anode (the positively charged electrode) and a cathode (the negatively charged electrode) located in buffer reservoirs at each end of the capillary tube. The system includes a sample vial, a fused silica capillary tube coated with polyimide for mechanical strength through which the sample components...
1.8K
Two-dimensional Gel Electrophoresis01:22

Two-dimensional Gel Electrophoresis

8.4K
Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis is a high-resolution protein separation method first introduced by O' Farrell and Klose in 1975. This method involves protein separation by two dimensions, mass and charge, making it more accurate than one-dimensional gel electrophoresis.
The first dimension separation uses the isoelectric focusing or IEF technique performed on immobilized pH gradient (IPG) strips that separate proteins according to their isoelectric points.
Biological samples, such...
8.4K
Optimizing Chromatographic Separations01:15

Optimizing Chromatographic Separations

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Optimizing chromatographic separations is crucial for obtaining clean separations in a minimum amount of time. Optimization is required for several factors, including kinetic effects related to band broadening, plate height, capacity factor, and separation factor.
Band broadening refers to spreading solute bands as they travel through the column. This broadening can impact resolution. Plate height (H) represents the length required for one theoretical plate. A lower plate height corresponds to...
1.4K
Centrifugation01:05

Centrifugation

9.2K
Centrifugation is a separation technique based on differences in density or size. It is commonly used to separate solids from aqueous interferents. During centrifugation, the sample is placed in centrifugation tubes and spun at high angular velocity, which allows centrifugal force to act differentially on the different densities or masses of the components. After spinning, the supernatant liquid is decanted. Depending on the specific application, either the pellet or the supernatant is retained...
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Electrophoretic Separation of Proteins
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Electrophoretic Separation of Proteins

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Tunable electrophoretic separations using a scalable, fabric-based platform.

Tanya Narahari1, Dhananjaya Dendukuri, Shashi K Murthy

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University , Boston 02115, Massachusetts, United States.

Analytical Chemistry
|January 14, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a low-cost fabric-based platform for sensitive medical diagnostics, enabling scalable protein separation using electrophoresis. This fabric electrophoresis device offers tunable flow and multiplexed capabilities for analyzing complex biological samples.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • There is a growing demand for affordable and scalable platforms for sensitive medical diagnostic testing.
  • Fabric weaving is a scalable manufacturing technology suitable for creating microfluidic devices with controlled flow.
  • Fabric offers a low-cost (<$0.25 per device) platform for developing analytical devices with multiplexed channel geometries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a novel fabric-based electrophoretic platform for protein separation.
  • To investigate the effects of fabric and yarn parameters on separation resolution.
  • To demonstrate a fabric device optimized for protein analysis in complex biological samples.

Main Methods:

  • Fabric weaving was used to create straight channel electrophoretic chips in a single step.
  • Yarn selection and fabric parameter tuning (yarn density, hydrophilicity) were employed to optimize separation.
  • Electrophoretic mobility of a model protein was measured to characterize device performance.

Main Results:

  • The fabric device successfully separated a wide range of analytes, from small dyes (<1 kDa) to large proteins (67-150 kDa).
  • Increasing yarn density and decreasing yarn hydrophilicity enhanced separation speed and resolution.
  • The electrophoretic mobility of bovine albumin was determined to be -2.7 × 10⁻⁸ m² V⁻¹ s⁻¹.

Conclusions:

  • Fabric weaving provides a viable, scalable, and low-cost platform for developing microfluidic analytical devices.
  • Fabric and yarn parameters can be tuned to optimize electrophoretic separations for different analytes.
  • This fabric-based electrophoretic platform holds potential for multiplexed detection of low-abundance proteins in complex biological samples.