Obesity, adipokines and neuroinflammation

Area of Science:

• Neuroimmunology
• Endocrinology
• Metabolic Syndrome

Background:

• Global obesity rates are epidemic, driving secondary diseases like diabetes and cardiovascular conditions.
• Obesity is associated with a chronic low-grade inflammatory state and increased circulating inflammatory mediators.
• White adipose tissue (WAT) releases inflammatory molecules called adipokines, proportional to its mass.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the role of leptin and adiponectin in neuro-immune interactions.
• To explore the connection between these adipokines, neuroinflammation, and brain diseases.
• To highlight the impact of obesity-related factors on neurological function.

Main Methods:

• Literature review focusing on obesity, adipokines, neuroinflammation, and brain diseases.
• Analysis of studies investigating leptin and adiponectin.
• Synthesis of current research on neuro-immune signaling in obesity.

Main Results:

• Leptin and adiponectin levels are altered in obesity, influencing immune cell function.
• These adipokines can cross the blood-brain barrier, affecting neuronal and glial cells.
• Evidence suggests a link between dysregulated adipokine signaling and neuroinflammatory processes.

Conclusions:

• Leptin and adiponectin play significant roles in mediating obesity-induced neuroinflammation.
• Understanding these adipokines is crucial for developing strategies against obesity-related brain disorders.
• Further research into neuro-immune interactions in obesity is warranted.