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Related Concept Videos

Telomeres and Telomerase02:41

Telomeres and Telomerase

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In eukaryotic DNA replication, a single-stranded DNA fragment remains at the end of a chromosome after the removal of the final primer. This section of DNA cannot be replicated in the same manner as the rest of the strand because there is no 3’ end to which the newly synthesized DNA can attach. This non-replicated fragment results in gradual loss of the chromosomal DNA during each cell duplication. Additionally, it can induce a DNA damage response by enzymes that recognize single-stranded...
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Replication in Eukaryotes01:29

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In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
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Translesion DNA Polymerases02:10

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Translesion (TLS) polymerases rescue stalled DNA polymerases at sites of damaged bases by replacing the replicative polymerase and installing a nucleotide across the damaged site. Doing so, TLS allows additional time for the cell to repair the damage before resuming regular DNA replication.
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Replicative cell senescence is a property of cells that allows them to divide a finite number of times throughout the organism's lifespan while preventing excessive proliferation. Replicative senescence is associated with the gradual loss of the telomere — short, repetitive DNA sequences found at the end of the chromosomes. Telomeres are bound by a group of proteins to form a protective cap on the ends of chromosomes. Embryonic stem cells express telomerase — an enzyme that adds...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 18, 2026

In vitro Reconstitution of the Active T. castaneum Telomerase
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In vitro Reconstitution of the Active T. castaneum Telomerase

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Turning telomerase into a Jekyll and Hyde case?

Raymund J Wellinger1

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada. Raymund.Wellinger@USherbrooke.ca.

Cancer Discovery
|January 14, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Modified guanine nucleotides can disrupt telomere DNA synthesis by telomerase. This could transform telomerase from a chromosome protector into a chromosome-damaging enzyme.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Telomeres protect chromosome ends from degradation.
  • Telomerase is an enzyme that maintains telomere length.
  • Dysfunctional telomeres are linked to aging and cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential of modified guanine nucleotides to alter telomerase activity.
  • To explore if telomerase can be coerced into incorporating aberrant nucleotides into telomeric DNA.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro assays using telomerase.
  • Incorporation of modified guanine analogues, such as 6-thio-deoxyguanosine (6-thio-dG), into DNA.

Main Results:

  • Telomerase can be induced to incorporate modified guanine nucleotides into telomeric DNA.

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  • Incorporation of 6-thio-dG compromises telomere functionality.

    • Conclusions:

    • Modified guanine nucleotides can reprogram telomerase function.
    • This reprogramming may convert telomerase into a chromosome-destabilizing agent, with potential therapeutic implications.