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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 18, 2026

Evaluating Tests of Cognition using a Computerized Touch-Sensitive Tablet, Eye Tracking, and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Computer versus paper--does it make any difference in test performance?

Yassin Karay1, Stefan K Schauber, Christoph Stosch

  • 1a Dean's Office for Student Affairs , Medical Faculty of the University of Cologne , Köln , Germany.

Teaching and Learning in Medicine
|January 14, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Computer-based tests show no disadvantage in student performance compared to paper-based exams. While computer tests save time, further research is needed to understand increased guessing by some students.

Keywords:
computer-based test versus paper-based testdifference in test performanceformative Progress Test

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Educational Technology

Background:

  • Computer-based tests offer efficiency in administration and review.
  • The impact of computer-based testing on student performance requires investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare test performance between paper-based and computer-based versions of the Berlin formative Progress Test.
  • To control for students' prior academic performance in the comparison.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized matched-pair design was used with 266 medical students.
  • Students were sorted by prior test results, with identical conditions for both paper and computer formats.
  • Performance metrics included test scores, completion time, and guessing behavior.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in overall test scores between paper and computer formats.
  • Computer-based tests required significantly less completion time, especially for high performers.
  • Low-performing students exhibited increased guessing on the computer version compared to the paper version.

Conclusions:

  • Computer-based testing does not disadvantage students in terms of test results.
  • Reduced processing time in computer-based tests may stem from eliminating manual answer recording.
  • Further research is needed to explain the higher guessing rate among low-performing students on computer-based tests.