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Area of Science:

  • Biophysical Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Understanding lipid bilayer organization is crucial for cell function.
  • Developing sensitive probes for membrane dynamics remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce novel "fluorescent flippers" for creating planarizable push-pull probes.
  • Assess the mechanosensitivity and fluorescence properties of these probes for biological applications.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of twisted push-pull scaffolds using dithienothiophenes and their S,S-dioxides as fluorescent flippers.
  • Characterization of probe performance in model lipid bilayers (liquid-ordered and solid-ordered membranes).
  • Application of probes in giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) and live cells using confocal laser scanning and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy.

Main Results:

  • Probes exhibit high quantum yields (>80%) and fluorescence lifetimes (>4 ns).
  • Planarization in ordered membranes induces significant spectral shifts (excitation up to +80 nm, emission up to +140 nm via FRET).
  • Demonstrated compatibility with multidomain imaging in GUVs and cells.

Conclusions:

  • Fluorescent flippers provide mechanosensitivity and fluorescence lifetime suitable for biological imaging.
  • Strong push-pull macrodipoles and dual flipper design are key for high mechanosensitivity.
  • These probes are valuable tools for studying lateral membrane organization.