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Network Covalent Solids

Network Covalent Solids

Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...

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Updated: Apr 18, 2026

Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Graphene-Based Polyhedrons via Origami-Like Self-Folding

Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Graphene-Based Polyhedrons via Origami-Like Self-Folding

Published on: September 23, 2018

Three-dimensional graphene-based composites for energy applications.

Shun Mao¹, Ganhua Lu, Junhong Chen

¹Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 3200 North Cramer Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, USA. jhchen@uwm.edu.

|January 14, 2015

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Three-dimensional graphene composites offer superior performance for energy applications. Their unique structure enhances energy storage and conversion devices like batteries and supercapacitors.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Energy Storage

Background:

Three-dimensional graphene (3DG)-based composites are gaining attention for energy applications.
3DG offers a porous, interconnected network with high electrical conductivity, large surface area, and excellent mechanical/thermal properties.
Combining 3DG with active materials creates high-performance electrode materials.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advancements in 3DG-based composites.
To explore their applications in energy storage and conversion devices.

Main Methods:

Literature review of 3DG-based composite research.
Analysis of composite properties and performance in energy devices.

Main Results:

3DG-based composites demonstrate significant potential in various energy applications.
Key applications include supercapacitors, lithium-ion batteries, dye-sensitized solar cells, and fuel cells.

Conclusions:

3DG-based composites are promising for high-performance energy devices.
Their unique structural and material properties drive advancements in energy storage and conversion technologies.